THE ROLE OF ELECTRONIC MEDIA IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL DWELLERS

THE ROLE OF ELECTRONIC MEDIA IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL DWELLERS (A CASE STUDY OF THE ENUGU STATE BROADCASTING SERVICE RADIO)
ABSTRACT
Mass communication is a wide filed of research and human studies in which various media compete favourably for attention. This project was intended to give the role of electronic media in the development of rural areas and also this study  has became necessary because many people living in the rural areas have no other way of learning about government programmes except through the broadcast medium particularly the radio which they depend on her their information. The purpose of this study’s is to find put whether the programmes produced through radio broadcasting directed to rural development from the  study, it was observed that radio should be the most effective medium for dissemination  information for rural areas and people can afford to buy  it and use it without electricity. In research questions, some questions are stated like,What are the functions of the radio broadcasting in the development of rural areas. Does radio broadcasting affect the political economic and  social life of the total dwellers. How does the radio broadcasting educate the rural masses about government programmes In chapter there methodology approach are used includes questionnaires and survey method. I hope that to other researcher who might be interested in firth studies in this are a well study my recommendation in chapter five.
 
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1   BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Poverty is still the first name of most rural dwellers whose day today are like a journey through hell- fire. Over the years, development in the country, even in states was virtually urban centers. Houses, god roads, potable water, electricity and other social amenities were regarded as the exclusive preserve of town dwellers which ruralities made  to do with w\only what benevolent nature could provide them. As a result a strong bridge appears between the nations urban centers and rural communities and rural inhabitant crossed the bridge in their thousand to have a taste of the urban amenities. This influx quickly created its own problems for both government and the people as it led to food storage, scarcity houses, the growth of urban slums, unemployment, and increased crime wave- for this improvement or development to take place, the people concerned must realize implement and positively forty the discharge or impartation of  better affairs of the community. it is the crating of this awareness as well as the need to better the television broadcasting are expected to perform.
The effect of radio broadcasting is not automatic. Frankly speaking radio broadcasting ahs a positive effect on people, especially the ruralities, we learn a lot from radio messages, discussion, quizzes, talks, documentaries, lectures, drama both comic and tragic, interviews etc Besides, communities gain information on the existence locally produced products or imported ones mainly through the radio as well as government polices and programmes. Radio can be used for information dissemination on political and economic development. It would therefore be good to find out how effective the Enugu state broadcasting services (ESBS) radio FM and television are in dealing with these functions in promoting rural development efforts of the state government It is an open secret that there has been communication imbalance between the urban dwellers and people in the rural areas are this negative trends militated against imbalance in the development of the state. In  its own part, the Enugu state broadcasting services (ESBS) radio is committed to reach people in the rural areas through its programes along the lines of the need and this is why I have decided to write on this topic.
If we assume that Enugu state broadcasting service (ESBS) radio enjoys ten percent conscious listenership of the populace in urban areas, what about the ruralities and the effect it has on them. this is why  the study of the role of electronic media in the development of rural areas, using the that Enugu state broadcasting service (ESBS) radio FM as a case study is a welcome project. Besides many people living in rural areas have no other  way of hearing about ambitious  government programmes except through the broadcast  medium particualry the radio which they depend on for their information. The mobilization of the masses for government programmes, is such in crucial factor.
Rural programmes like Dirri, rural health ORI EPI had al used the electronic media extensively to reach out and educate both urban and rural dwellers who are hundreds kilometers away from the point of action of discussion. The role of radio in Enugu state in brining about rural development  and transformation cannot be easily quantified. This is why in many advanced  countries, government, private organizations and individuals compete in the provision of electronics media organs. In this part of government because  they are the quickest means by which government speak to the people as well as feel the pulse of the public. Due to the importance of radio that the research wants to know whether the  that Enugu state broadcasting service (ESBS) radio is doing what it is expected to doing respect of rural development.
1.2  STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The effectiveness of modem communication network in the areas has always been advocated for many journalists in Nigeria and radio broadcasting in one of  thee communication systems. Based on this overwhelming curiosity to know how radio broadcasting affects the life style of and needs for the rural people, the researcher decided to use that Enugu state broadcasting service (ESBS) radio as a case study
1.3  OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The objective of this study is to find out the following among other this.
a.  The people’s exposure to mass media content.
b. Evaluating what facilities are available in Obioma and Nachi communicates in Udi local government area of Enugu state, that can either  improve progress in the reception of broadcasting message or information.
c. Finding out the audience  reach of the that Enugu state broadcasting service (ESBS) radio broadcasting in that above communities.
d. Finding out the  problems encountered in the use of the medium.
e. The extent of the effect of the radio on Obioma and Nachi communities.
f. Finding out whether the lack of electricity posses a serious problem to reception and usage.
This study is significance because, it would reveal the problems bedeviling most rural areas in using Obioma and Nachi as point of reference. It has to be noted that the rural areas from the bedrock of any national development the greater part of this study would succeed in bring to time light the fact at not ably segment of the nations population are exposed to mass- media content. Besides, this study would also provide some literature for further and wider research in this filed of mass- communication.
1.4  RESEARCH QUESTIONS
This work questions there following
1. What are the functions of the radio broadcasting in development of rural areas,
2. How  does the radio broadcasting educate the rural masses about government programmes.
3. Does radio broadcasting affect the political economic and social life of the rural communities.
4. What are the extent at which the radio broadcasting has gone to development of rural communities.
1.5    RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
Taking a cognizance of the effect of radio broadcasting in the development of rural areas, the  research problems are to be investigated while the null hypothesis is represented with zero example.
H1: Does radio broadcasting contributes to the development of the rural areas.
Ho: Radio broadcasting does not  contributes to the development of the rural areas.
H2: The rural people have more access to the radio as a mass- media means of communication.
Ho: The rural people do not have more access to the radio as a mass- media means of communication.
H3: Does radio broadcasting affect the political, economic and social life of the rural communities
H3: Radio broadcasting does not  affect the political, economic and social life of the rural communities.
H4: that the radio broadcasting played a vital roles in development of rural areas.
Ho: That the radio broadcasting did not played a vital roles in development of rural areas.
1.7   THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
This study is significance because it would reveal the problems bedeviding most rural areas in using Obioma and Nachi as point of reference. It has to be noted that the rural areas from the bedrock of any national development the greater part of this study would succeed in bring in time high the fact at not ably segment of the nations population are exposed to mass media content.  Besides, this study would also provide same literature for further and wider research in this field of Mass Communication.
1.8  SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The scope of study is all about the role of electronic media in the development of rural dweller (A case study of Enugu State Broadcasting Radio).
1.10.    DEFINITION OF TERMS
Conceptual and operational definition of terms.
Electronic: Is using many small parts such as (microchips) radio, controls and direct a small electronic current:
Media: Is the means of communicating reaching a large audience. Iti s any medium used to transmit information, ideas message to large group of persons without hindrance.
Development: Is the gradual growth of something so that if becomes more advanced or stronger.
Rural: Is people way of life.
Dweller: Is a person that lives in the particular place that is mentioned.
ESBS:  Enugu state broadcasting service
Radio:  Radio is one of the electronic   system which is car medium because they elicit only the and it is very flexible, portable and available medium because its coverage is not less than 90% effective.